Apparatus for producing hollow articles.



B. BALG.

APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING HOLLOW ARTICLES.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 15, 1911.

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APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING HOLLOW ARTICLES.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 15. um.

FIGA FIG- 5 FIG- 6- F|G,7

ii I i Wn-msssas INVENTOIR %fl BERNHARD BALG fifwm/ ATTORNEY Patented Nov. 21, 1916.

BERNHARD BALG, OF GfiRLITZ, GERMANY.

APPARATUS FOR PRGDUCING HOLLD'W ARTICLES.

Original application filed. August 17, 1909, Serial No. 513,281.

Serial No. 660,432.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, Bnuxnsno Bane, manufacturer, a subject of the King of Prussia, residing at 20 Postplatz in the city of Gorlitz, Silesia. in the Kingdom of Prussia and Empire of Germany, have invented new and useful Improvements in Apparatus for Producing Hollow Articles, of

which the following is a specification.

For a long time attempts have been made to produce in a simple manner, hollow articles, such as building blocks closed on all sides. This problem has now been solved according to the present invention by causing a stream of plastic material to issue from press in a stream composed of a series of alternately succeeding internally hollow portions and intervening webs, so that it is merely necessary to divide the said stream transversely, in order to produce a hollow building block in one operation.

The formation ot the series of alternately succeeding hollow portions and intervening webs may be effected in various ways, for instance by employing a core for making the hollow portions, the core being disposed in the mouth piece of the press for forming the hollow portion and removed therefrom when the web is being formed.

In the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 is a diagrammatic longitudinal section of the stream of plastic material as it issues from the press. Fig. 2 is a vertical longitudinal section, and Fig. 3 is a vertical cross section through the mouthpiece of a press. Figs. l and 5 are respectively, a vertical longitudinal section and a vertical cross section of a modification; and Figs. 6 and 7 are corresponding views of a second modification.

One or more cores 6 according to the desired number of internal. cavities which the blocks are to have in the transverse direction are arranged in the mouthpiece 7 of the press. These cores which may have any desired shape and cross section are capable of being rendered active or inactive alternatively ELCCOI'dlIlg to my invention. This may be effected in various ways, three arrangements for this purpose being illus trated in Figs. 2 to 7.

In the construction shown in Figs. 2 and 3, the core 6 is carried by a rod 8, extendinntransversely through the press head 9.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. 21, 1916.

Divided and this application filed November (En one end of this rod, externally of the press head, there is mounted (with some play) the hand lever 10, which is fixed on a shaft 11 that is mounted below the press head and is capable of rocking in its bearing. On the opposite end of the shaft 1], there is fixed a second lever l2,'which is also arrange d to act upon the rod 8 with a slight amount of play. On moving the hand lever 10 the rod 8 is consequently moved. together with the core 6 uniformly in either direction.

The core 6 projects into the mouthpiece 7 of the press and is guided with a tight oint in a closed casing 13 which is formedin each side with a slot for the passage of the rod 8. The rod 8 is likewise guided either in lateral extensions of the casing 13 or in a separate casing (Fig. 3). The casing 13 is fitted with a pipe 1a, which serves for conveying water or oil and for the escape or the admission of air.

The core 6 is (see Fig. 2) provided, in front, with one or more pins 15, which are pointed conically at their ends and serve to form air holes in the webs or solid portions of building blocks or other articles. These pins may have any desired cross section.

In the construction shown in Figs. 4 and 5, the core 6 is provided with a rack 16 with which engages a pinion mounted on a shaft 17. On the outer end of this shaft 17 is a crank 18 by means of which the core can be moved back and forth. The rack and the pinion are inclosed in a casing 19, in which the core 6 is guided with a tight joint.

In the construction shown in Figs. 6 and 7 the core 6 is mounted so as to be capable of rotating with an axle 20 on the end of which, situated outside the presshead, is a crank handle 21. By turning this crank handle, in the direction of the arrows shown in Fig. 6, the core can be turned back into the position shown in dotted lines (to permit the stream to unite) and also forward again into the working position, or that shown in full lines, to compel the plastic material to issue in tubular form from the mouthpiece 7.

In the constructions shown in Figs. 2 to 7 the forming of the solid portions in the stream of plastic material issuing from the press is effected by removing or putting in and out the core or cores temporarily.

Then the cores are moved back-drawn from the mouthpi cethe great pressure exerted by the press produces a web in the issuing stream. After the cores have been moved forward again, the plastic material continues to issue as a hollow stream. The

stream is separated, transversely, in the usual manner, into its several portions by means of any usual cutting devices through the solid portions 3 and 4 (Fig. 1). The cutting devices may be connected to the lever 10, 18 or 21 in such a manner that when they are operated they also cause the said lever to operate.

The stream may be divided at any points. Thus, as shown in Fig. 1, the cuts may be made (at 3, 1) through the webs 2 to produce hollow building or other blocks closed on all sides; and, when it is desired, that the blocks shall have very thin end walls, the separation of the stream, may be effected by means of two wires stretched apart side by side as indicated at T he cuts may be made instead or also at the thinner parts of the stream, to produce pots or other hollow articles. It will also be understood, that t is cuts may be made at such points that the product will have a succession of hollow spaces and webs.

It is an essential feature or" my apparatus that it shall have means whereby the outlet area of the exit mouthpiece may be varied, at desired intervals of time, in order that the plastic material (which normally issues in tubular form from the mouthpiece) may be manipulated in any manner, to the end that, at said intervals, the plastic material forms webs in or ends of hollow blocks or other hollow articles.

Pins (such as 15) are so mounted, in any suitable manner, as to be capable of movement in the mouthpiece. l Vhen the cores are provided with these pins 15 the latter pierce the previouslyformed solid portion of the stream from behind and thus, as before utlined, form air holes in the abutting ends of the two adjacent hollow blocks that are subsequently separated from each other.

The improved apparatus is applicable to the production of all kinds of building or other blocks closed on all sides, or other hollow articles, from any plastic material and. the said blocks may b formed with one or more internal cavities by employing the corresponding number of cores.

The present application is a division of an application, Serial No. 513281, filed August 17, 1909 and the process which is herein mentioned, constitutes the subject-matter of a divisional application, Serial No. 567629, filed June 18, 1910.

lVhat I claim is:

1. In an apparatus for producing hollow articles, the combination of an exit mouthpiece and a core therein, the mouthpiece and core being relatively movable from a position in which the core is within the mouthpiece to a position in which the core is behind the mouthpiece, a press for forcing plastic material to issue from the mouthpiece, and means for changing the relation of the core and mouthpiece from one rela-' tive position to the other, said core when it is within the mouthpiece being adapted to direct the material to issue in tubular form, while when the core is behind the mouthpiece the material may issue in solid form, when webs may be formed in the hol low articles.

2. In an apparatus for producing hollow articles, the combination of, a press having a mouth piece; and a core for causing plastic material to issue therefrom in a tubular stream, said core being capable of being" Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents. Washington, D, C. 

